Bacteria & Virus Review

Click on the correct answer



1 The term virus comes from the Latin word for ......
germ
poison
disease
sickness

2 _______ immunity results from receiving antibodies produced in another organism, such as from mother to unborn child, or from serums produced in other animals.
active
permanent
all
passive

3 _______ immunity results from the production of antibodies, and may result from surviving a disease or from a vaccine.
active
passive
temporary
false

4 The nucleic acid core of a virus may be either ........ or ......... but not both.
active / passive
DNA / RNA
artificial / natural
none of these

5 Viruses cannot be harmed by ........ such as penicillin.
bacteria
germs
diseases
antibiotics

6 Disease-causing organisms (including viruses, bacteria, and other microscopic parasites, are called .......
antibiotics
vaccinations
pathogens
saprophytes

7 Viruses that invade bacteria are called ......
antibiotics
bacteriophages
antibodies
antigens

8 HIV attacks the ....... of the Immune System.
T cells
red blood cells
B cells
nerve cells

9 The protein coat, called the ......, determines the shape of the virus.
capsule
nucleic acid
capsid
capital

10 Many viruses have many sides. The term for this shape is .......
coccus
polyhedral
bacilli
spirilli

11 The ability of viruses to transfer genetic information from one host cell to another is called ......
translocation
transportation
transpiration
transduction

12 The inactive reproductive cycle, that does not harm the host cell until the virus is activated later, is called the ......... cycle.
lytic cycle
temperate
krebs
lysogenic

13 The reproductive cycle that kills the host cell is called the ......... cycle.
lytic
lysogenic
temperate
krebs

14 Viruses that reproduce using the lysogenic cycle are called ........
temperate phages
macrophages
autotrophic
heterotrophic

15 Polio attacks .......... cells.
T cells
nerve
respiratory
skin

16 Cold viruses attack cells of the ........... system.
immune
cardiovascular
respiratory
digestive

17 The stage in which new viral nucleic acids and protein coats are put together is called ........
replication
injection
attachment
assembly

18 The stage in which viral nucleic acids and protein coats are put together is called .....
injection
assembly
attachment
replication

19 The term ........ means the rupture of the cell.
bacilli
lysis
virus
pathogen

20 Viruses can ............, but only within a living cell.
breathe
swim
reproduce
all of these

21 The first virus identified to cause a disease was called .......
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Smallpox
Influenza
Rabies

22 Viruses consist of a .......... core surrounded by a ..........
protein / nucleic acid
antibody / antigen
antigen /antibody
nucleic acid / protein coat

23 Viral DNA that attaches to host DNA and is copied along with the host cell DNA during mitosis is called ..........
heterotrophic
a prophage
chemosynthetic
autotrophic

24 Viruses do not fit into the classification system because .........
they don't have all the characteristics of life
they are made of cells
they have DNA
they

25 .................. first isolated the TMV in 1935.
Louis Pasteur
Edward Jenner
Dr. Wendell Stanley
Carolus Linnaeus

26 Autotrophic bacteria may be photosynthetic or ..........
heterotrophic
parasitic
saprophytic
chemosynthetic

27 Chemicals capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria are called .......
fertilizers
saprophytes
enhancers
antibiotics

28 The term ......... refers to organisms that produce their own food.
heterotrophic
parasitic
autotrophic
saprophytic

29 Bacteria may reporduce sexually by joining together and combining genetic material in a process called ........
binary fission
binary fusion
conjugation
all of these

30 Most bacteria reproduce asexually by ..........
conjugation
binary fission
transduction
none of these

31 The ....... is a protective slime layer found around some bacteria.
capsid
capsule
protein coat
core

32 The term for bacteria that occur in chains is ........
strepto
staphlo
diplo
bacillus

33 The term for bacteria that occur in clusters is ........
staphylo
diplo
strepto
coccus

34 The term for bacteria that occur in pairs is ..........
strepto
staphylo
spirilli
diplo

35 The term for corkscrew-shaped bacteria is .........
bacillus
spirilli
cocci
strepto

36 The term for rod-shaped bacteria is ............
cocci
staphylo
bacilli
spirilli

37 The term for round bacteria is ..........
cocci
bacilli
spirilli
dipli

38 Bacteria belong to the kingdom .............
Monera
Protista
Bactera
Virusta

39 Which of the following is a beneficial use of bacteria.
Aid in digestion
decomposes dead organisms
used in making medicines
all of these

40 Some bacteria have long .......... used for locomotion.
legs
flagella
trains
cilia

41 Bacteria that can move are said to be .........
non-motile
motile
sessile
stationary

42 Bacteria that cannot move are said to be ......
mobile
motile
non-motile
none of these

43 ________ can grow with, or without oxygen.
Obligate aerobes
Obligate anaerobes
Facultative aerobes
none of these

44 Bacteria that cannot live in the presence of oxygen are called .........
Obligate aerobes
Facultative aerobes
Facultative anaerobes
Obligate anaerobes

45 Bacteria that must have oxygen to live are called .......
Obligate anaerobes
Facultative anaerobes
Obligate aerobes
Facultative aerobes

46 Most bacteria are .............. (feed on dead material).
parasites
saprophytes
autotrophic
none of these

47 ............ are similar to flagella, but are shorter and more numerous, and are used to attach themselves.
rubella
pili
capsids
all of these

48 All monerans are ......... which means that they lack a nuclear membrane, and have no membrane-bound organelles such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum.
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
autotrophic
heterotrophic

49
Bacteria have ....... like plants
flagella
leaves
cell walls
roots

50 The first antibiotic, penicillin, was discovered in 1929 by .....................
Louis Pasteur
Edward Jenner
Dr. Wendell Stanley
Sir Alexander Flemming