1. is called the "father of heredity".
2. are genes that have contrasting effects on a characteristic. Example: Tall and short
3. means that one trait masks another.
4. (extra fingers or toes) is dominant over having the normal number of finger and toes.
5. (no horns) is dominant over horns in shorthorn cattle.
6. occurs when neither trait masks the other (both are expressed)
7. A trait that is masked by another is said to be .
8. Crosses that mate an individual with one that is homozygous for the recessive trait to determine if the first individual is homozygous or heterozygous for a trait are called crosses.
9. Genes are separated during . (Mendel's 3rd hypothesis).
10. Genes on different chromosomes are inherited . (Mendel's 4th hypothesis).
11. In crosses two pairs of traits are crossed at the same time.
12. In crosses only one pair of traits is crossed.
13. Mendel performed many genetic experiments using 7 different characteristics of garden .
14. Mendel's factors are now called .
15. Mendel's first hypothesis stated that inherited characteristics are controlled by factors that occur in .
16. Mendel's fourth hypothesis stated that factors are separated and distributed to gametes
independently of the other factor pairs. This is called the Law of .
17. Mendel's second hypothesis stated that one pair of the factor may mask the other. This is
usually called the principle of .
18. Mendel's third hypothesis stated that a pair of factors is segregated during the formation of
gametes. This is called the law of .
19. Normal skin color is dominant over (no skin pigment).
20. Normal wings are dominant over (stubby wings) in fruit flies.
21. Offspring of the orginal parents in a genetic cross are called the generation.
22. R.C. developed a method of predicting the probability of a certain cross by using a
square.
23. Red and White color is an example of in Four o'clock flowers. (produces pink)
24. Red and White is co-dominant in cattle. A cross between the two produces cows.
25. Smooth peas are dominant over peas in garden pea plants.
26. Tall is dominant over in garden pea plants.
27. The is the effect caused by the genes, its appearance.
28. The original parent plants in Mendel's experiments are called the generation.
29. The particular combination of genes an organism has is called its .
30. The square shows the possible gene combinations and the mathematical probability that a combination will occur.
31. The scientific study of heredity is called .
32. The term "filial" means "".
33. Units on the DNA molecule that contain instructions for making proteins in the body are called .
34. When both members of a gene pair are alike they are said to be .
35. When mendel crossed pure dominant traits with pure recessive traits, the offspring always came out looking like the trait.
36. When the two genes of a pair are different they are said to be . (also called
hybrid)